Same or new manifestation?

Summary: Guidance for catalogers trying to determine if a similar edition or printing of a monograph is a new manifestation requiring its own separate record, or whether it can be cataloged with copy for an existing manifestation. 

New manifestation 

If your book meets these criteria (drawn from the LC-PCC PS to RDA 2.1), it will require a new record.

• there are clear signs of changes to the book's content, including:

  • new forewords, prefaces, introductions, etc.
  • corrections
  • additional text or illustrations
• the existing record's 245 field, 250 field, 300 subfield $a, or 4XX field do not match the book in hand
  • for an exception relating to CIP items, see below
• a genuine publisher name change has occurred
  • a name variation of the same publisher wouldn't be considered a major change

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Same manifestation

AACR2's definition of edition can also be used for monographs considered to be the same manifestation:  "All copies produced from essentially the same type image (whether by direct contact or by photographic or other methods) and issued by the same entity." 

The following variations do not indicate a new manifestation:

• difference in the printing or copyright date when there is also a clear publication date
• minor variation in a publisher's name when a publisher uses multiple forms concurrently
  • e.g., "Duckworth" and "G. Duckworth" and "St. Martin's" and "St. Martin's Press" have been used at the same time by these publishers
  • however, a genuine name change, even if minor, should be considered a new manifestation (see above)
• addition, deletion, or change of an ISBN
• difference in binding
• difference in the edition statement or the series whenever the item is a CIP book issued by the publisher in both a hardbound and a softbound version

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Date differences

Date variations can be tricky to assess. Use this guide and your own judgment, and consult your supervisor if you can't decide.

Other important considerations:

• if you're choosing among records that seem to describe the same manifestation, the record with the earliest acceptable publication date(s) is preferred
• a publication date in the 260 or 264_1 $c subfield cannot be later than the publication date in the piece
  • i.e., you can move backward in time from a date in the piece that is not considered significant (such as a printing date), but you cannot move forward
  • example: if your piece has a U.S. copyright date of 1935 and a later printing date of 1942, you may use a record with a copyright date of 1935; however, you could not use a record with a copyright date of 1946
• 260 fields may include publication, copyright, and even printing dates (this was an AACR2 convention)
  • be careful to recognize and distinguish between these when comparing records and your book

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Creating records for new manifestations

• you will often begin by deriving from the record for a related manifestation, and then making necessary adaptations
• if feasible, record the relationship between related manifestations, using one of these methods:
  • unstructured 5XX field
    • 500 __ Originally published by Random House in 1985.
  • structured 7XX linking field (see below)
• generally, record the relationship in the record for the new manifestation pointing back to the original, but not the reciprocal relationship from the original forward to the new manifestation (usually a reproduction)

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Adding a 775 field to link related print manifestations

The 775 field provides helpful structured linking between two related manifestations. It's constructed using:

• 1st indicator 0
• 2nd indicator 8
• subfield $i to indicate the nature of the relationship
• citation for author, title, imprint, and record identifiers of the related manifestation (these should be drawn directly from the bib record for the manifestation you're citing)

To add a 775 to your new manifestation record:

• create the citation
  • copy the OCLC record number of the related manifestation you are citing
  • paste the OCLC number into a blank 775 field
  • right click inside the field and choose "insert from cited record"
  • the citation information is automatically generated
• add relationship designator
  • choose the correct relationship designator from the RDA vocabulary terms in Appendix J.4
  • most likely, you'll be using $i Reproduction of (manifestation):

Examples:

• 775 08 $i Reproduction of (manifestation): $t Gold, gals, guns, guts $d [Deadwood, S.D.] : Deadwood-Lead ’76 Centennial Inc., c1975 $h 254 p. : ill. ; 26 cm. $w (DLC) 76005217
• 775 08 $i Reproduction of (manifestation): $t Out of order. $d Montreal, Quebec : Sarah Tea-Rex, 2009. $w (OCoLC)828235439 $w (CaEvSKY)sky255003152
• 775 08 $i Reproduction of (manifestation): $a Tagonist, Anne. $t Unapologetic. Issue number almost three. $d [Chicago] : Anne Tagonist, 2002
• more examples available at RDA 27.1.1.3 and the associated LC-PCC PS

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